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  1. Chlorine Online Home
  2. European chlorine industry
    1. Sustainability
      1. Furthering the development of a sustainable industry
      2. Chlorinated organic chemical emissions
    2. Regulatory affairs
      1. Mercury
      2. Water policy
      3. Persistent Organic Pollutants
      4. Energy
    3. Safety, health and environment
      1. Technical publications
      2. Select your publication
      3. Latest publications
      4. Euro Chlor - approved process valves
      5. Recommended tanker and container valves
      6. Chlorine vaporisers
      7. Safe transportation of chlorine
    4. Science
      1. Focus on Chlorine Science
      2. Key Science Information Sheets
      3. Science dossiers
      4. RCEI: Reactive Chlorine Emission Inventory
      5. Natural chemistry of chlorine in the environment
        1. The natural chemistry of inorganic chlorine in the lower atmosphere: A potential source for organochlorine compounds
        2. Natural organochlorines in precipitation and surface waters
        3. Natural organochlorines in groundwater
        4. The occurence and origin of organic chlorine in soil
        5. Natural organochlorines in sediments
        6. The diversity of natural rganochlorines in living organisms
        7. The natural production of Volatile organochlorines in the oceans
        8. Natural production of organochlorines by terrestrial fungi and plants
        9. Fungi as sources of chlorinated aromatics in the terrestrial environment
        10. Enzymatic halogenation
        11. Protein chlorination in human atherosclerotic heart disease
        12. The natural formation of polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans
        13. Glossary
        14. Further information
        15. Contacts
      6. Science literature reviews
        1. Natural organohalogens
        2. Bio(de)halogenation
      7. Marine risk assessments
        1. 1,2-dichloroethane
        2. 1,1,1-trichloroethane
        3. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
        4. Vinyl chloride
        5. Tetrachloroethylene
        6. Monochlorobenzene
        7. Trichloroethylene
        8. 1,2-dichlorobenzene
        9. Chloroform
        10. 1,4-dichlorobenzene
        11. Carbon tetrachloride
        12. Mercury
        13. Dichloromethane
        14. Monochlorophenols (2-, 3- and 4-)
        15. Hexachlorobenzene
        16. PCBs, DDT and dioxin
        17. Hexachlorobutadiene
        18. Pentachlorophenol
        19. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
        20. 1,1-dichloroethene
      8. High Production Volume chemicals
        1. HPV table
        2. HPV chemicals governed by European or Japanese industry
        3. The ICCA HPV Initiative
        4. Interesting links
        5. Glossary
      9. The Biocidal Products Directive
        1. Product types
          1. Main group 1
          2. Main group 2
          3. Main group 3
          4. Main group 4
        2. Notified product types
        3. Links
      10. Chlorine and public health
      11. SETAC
    5. A responsible industry
      1. Risk management
      2. Risk assessment
      3. Waste management
    6. Facts and figures
      1. Chlorine plants
      2. Chlorine production routes
      3. Production of chlorine by country
      4. European chorine applications
      5. European caustic soda applications
    7. Chlorine Industry Review 2006-2007
      1. Sustainability
        1. Economic Contribution
        2. Safety & social progress
        3. Environmental Protection
      2. Legislative Developments
        1. Energy costs critical
        2. Progress on storage
        3. Solvents Restriction
      3. Information & Education
      4. Science
      5. Industry overview
    8. Chlorine industry review 2005-2006
      1. Introduction
      2. Sustainability
        1. Economic contribution
        2. Safety & social progress
        3. Environmental protection
      3. Legislative developments
        1. Mercury storage
        2. Electricity
        3. REACH
        4. Solvents sales
        5. Chlorinated parrafins
        6. POPs
        7. ELVs
      4. Information & education
      5. Science
      6. Industry overview
      7. Eurochlor
      8. Euro Chlor Membership
    9. Chlorine industry review 2004-2005
      1. Introduction
      2. Sustainability
        1. Economic contribution
        2. Safety & social progress
        3. Environmental protection
      3. Legislative developments
      4. Information & education
      5. Science
      6. Industry overview
      7. European production & use data
      8. Euro Chlor
      9. Euro Chlor membership
  3. What is chlorine?
    1. How is chlorine made?
    2. Uses
      1. Chlorine in products
      2. Disinfection
      3. Medical applications
      4. Public safety
      5. Enhancing living standards
      6. Use in industrial processes
    3. Chlorine in nature
    4. Dioxins in nature
    5. Natural organic chlorine compounds
    6. The chlorine tree
  4. News room
    1. Categories
    2. Search
    3. Archived
    4. Photo library
  5. Chlorine compounds of the month
  6. European Chlorinated Solvent Association
    1. About chlorinated solvents
      1. Chlorinated solvents facts
    2. Western European consumption
    3. ECSA news
    4. Position statements
      1. Euro Chlor Position on ISO 14000 and its application to chlorinated solvents
      2. ECSA statement on the OSHA’s new methylene chloride OEL
      3. ECSA press statement on the IARC classification of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene
      4. November 2007 update on methylene chloride in paint removers
      5. ECSA statement on the UK study "Spontaneous Abortion in Dry Cleaning Workers Potentially Exposed to Perchloroethylene"
      6. Perchloroethylene and coin operated dry cleaning machines
      7. "No link" between methylene chloride and cancer
      8. Methylene chloride in paint removers
    5. Guidance on the Solvents Emissions Directive for chlorinated solvent users
    6. Solvents Digests
      1. Solvents Digest No 28
      2. Solvents Digest No 26
      3. Solvents Digest No 25
      4. Solvents Digest No 24
        1. English
          1. 2002 sales of chlorinated solvents
          2. Atmospheric monitoring for methylene chloride during paint removal from external façades
          3. Poison Centre survey of methylene chloride
          4. Fifth generation dry-cleaning machines are solving the PER emission problem in southern California and in Canada
          5. Import & Export of Dangerous Substances Regulation
          6. Restriction on sales of trichloroethylene
          7. Recent Legislation: The EU Water Framework Directive
        2. French
          1. Les ventes de solvants chlorés en 2002
          2. Contrôle des émissions de chlorure de méthylène lors du décapage de façades externe
          3. Enquête des centres anti-poison concernant le chlorure de méthylène
          4. Les machines de nettoyage à sec de cinquième génération, une solution aux problèmes d'émissions de PER en Californie du sud et au Canada
          5. Réglementation concernant les exportations et importations de produits chimiques dangereux
          6. Restriction des ventes de trichloréthylène
          7. Législation récente : La Directive Cadre sur l'eau
        3. German
          1. Verkaufszahlen für chlorierte Lösungsmittel im Jahre 2002
          2. Überwachung der Atmosphäre auf Methylenchlorid beim Entfernen des Anstrichs von Außenfassaden
          3. Umfrageaktion zur Methylenchloridproblematik bei Giftzentren
          4. Chemischreinigungsmaschinen der fünften Generation lösen das PER-Emissionsproblem in Südkalifornien und in Kanada
          5. Vorschrift zum Import & Export von gefährlichen Stoffen
          6. Einschränkung des Verkaufs von Trichlorethylen
          7. Aktuelle Gesetzgebung: Die EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
        4. Italian
          1. Il volume delle vendite dei solventi clorurati nel 2002
          2. Monitoraggio atmosferico del cloruro di metilene durante le operazioni di rimozione della pittura dalle facciate esterne degli edifici
          3. I Centri veleni presentano uno studio sul cloruro di metilene
          4. Le macchine per la pulizia a secco di quinta generazione contribuiscono a risolvere il problema delle emissioni di PER nella California del Sud ed in Canada
          5. Normativa su importazione ed esportazione di sostanze pericolose
          6. Limitazione alle vendite di tricloroetilene
          7. Legislazione approvata di recente: La Direttiva quadro UE sulle acque
        5. Spanish
          1. Ventas de disolventes clorados en 2002
          2. Control ambiental de cloruro de metileno durante el decapado de pintura en fachadas exteriores
          3. Encuesta sobre el cloruro de metileno dirigida a centros toxicológicos
          4. Equipos de limpieza en seco de quinta generación solucionan el problema de las emisiones de PER en el sur de California y Canadá
          5. Reglamento para la importación y exportación de sustancias peligrosas
          6. Restricciones en la venta de tricloroetileno
          7. Novedades en legislación: la Directiva Marco Europea del Agua
      5. Solvents Digest No 23
        1. English
          1. Vapour Retardation
          2. Dry-cleaning
          3. Restrictions
          4. Classification & Labelling
          5. Consumer sales
          6. 2002 activities summary
          7. News
        2. French
          1. Retardateurs d'évaporation
          2. Le nettoyage à sec au perchloréthylène
          3. Restrictions d'utilisation pour le perchloréthylène dans la région de Los Angeles
          4. La 29e APT devrait exiger la mention de risque correspondant à la classification du trichloréthylèn
          5. La fin des ventes de trichloréthylène au grand public
          6. Résumé des activités de l'ECSA en 2002
          7. Nouvelles brèves de l'ECSA
        3. German
          1. Verdunstungsverzögerung: Ein Prinzip zur signifikanten Verringerung der Methylenchlorid-Emissionen
          2. Chemisches Reinigen mit Perchlorethylen
          3. Beschränkung des Einsatzes von Perchlorethylen in der Region Los Angeles
          4. Diskrepanz zwischen der Trichlorethylen-Einstufung und der Kennzeichnung, mit der sich die 29. ATP befassen soll
          5. Einstellung des Verkaufs von Trichlorethylen für Verbraucheranwendungen
          6. Übersicht über die ECSA-Aktivitäten im Jahr 2002
          7. ECSA-Kurznachrichten
        4. Italian
          1. Ritardo dei vapori: una tecnologia che riduce significativamente le emissioni di cloruro di metilene
          2. Pulizia a secco con percloroetilene
          3. Restrizioni all'uso del percloroetilene nell'area di Los Angeles
          4. La discrepanza tra classificazione ed etichetta del tricloroetilene sarà affrontata nel 29° APT
          5. Cessazione delle vendite al consumo (usi non professionali) di tricloroetilene
          6. Riepilogo delle attività ECSA nel 2002
          7. ECSA News in sintesi
        5. Spanish
          1. Vaporización retardada: una tecnología que reduce significativamente las emisiones de cloruro de metileno
          2. Limpieza en seco con percloroetileno
          3. Restricciones al uso de percloroetileno en el área de Los Ángeles
          4. Discrepancia entre la clasificación y la etiqueta del tricloroetileno, que se espera tratar en la 29ª ATP
          5. Se suspende la venta de tricloroetileno en el mercado de gran consumo
          6. Resumen de las actividades de ECSA en 2002
          7. Noticias breves de ECSA
      6. Solvents Digest No 22
        1. English
          1. Sales maintain downward trend
          2. Methylene chloride first choice for paint stripping applications
          3. n-Propyl bromide and solvent use
          4. Perchloroethylene and Methylene Chloride: Change of R 40 risk phrase
          5. Akzo Nobel resigns from ECSA
          6. Perchloroethylene helps chemist win Nobel Prize in physics
      7. Solvents Digest No 21
        1. English
          1. Labelling
          2. Reclassification
          3. VOC Directive
          4. Substitutes for TRI
          5. Naturally-occurring TCA
          6. Trichloroethylene and Seveso II
          7. Trichloroethylene classification
          8. ECSA web site
          9. European Chlorine Industry Review
          10. New developments
          11. Incident due to lack of supervision
          12. Health Risks
      8. Solvents Digest No 20
        1. Dutch
          1. Wijziging EU classificatie voor trichloorethyleen
          2. Verkoop van oplosmiddelen in Europa in 2000 - grotere efficiëntie, minder volume
          3. De toekomst van PER veilig stellen: ECSA workshop
          4. Aluminium ontvetten: actuele informatie over de beste werkwijzen
          5. Nieuws van de leden
        2. English
          1. EU classification change for trichloroethylene
          2. European solvent sales in 2000 - greater efficiency reduces volumes
          3. Securing the future of PER: an ECSA workshop
          4. Aluminium degreasing: an update on best practices
          5. Membership news
        3. French
          1. Le trichloréthylène change de classement
          2. Ventes européennes de solvants en 2000 - des volumes moindres, reflet d'une meilleure utilisation
          3. Préserver l'avenir du perchloréthylène : un atelier ECSA
          4. Quand l'aluminium "saigne"
          5. Des informations de nos membres
        4. German
          1. Änderung der EU-Einstufung für Trichlorethylen
          2. Lösemittelabsatz 2000 in Europa - bessere Nutzung senkt die Menge
          3. Zukunftssicherung für PER: Ein Workshop der ECSA
          4. Entfettung von Aluminium
          5. Neues von den Mitgliedern
        5. Italian
          1. Cambiamento della classificazione UE del tricloroetilene
          2. Vendite di solventi in Europa nel 2000 – la maggiore efficienza riduce i volumi
          3. Assicurare il futuro del PER: un seminario dell’ECSA
          4. Sgrassaggio dell’alluminio: un aggiornamento sui metodi migliori
          5. Le news per i soci
        6. Spanish
          1. Cambio de clasificación del tricloroetileno en la UE
          2. Ventas de disolventes en Europa en el año 2000. El aumento de la eficiencia reduce el volumen
          3. Seminario de ECSA: Cómo garantizar el futuro del PER
          4. Desengrase de aluminio: las mejores prácticas, al día
          5. Noticias de los socios
      9. Special Edition on Dry-Cleaning
        1. Challenges on all fronts
          1. Dramatic changes in fabrics
          2. After-care: a key feature
          3. Unrealistic expectations
          4. Identifying the best solvent
          5. Stabilising the dry-cleaning market
          6. Continuing major role for perchloroethylene
          7. Gaining a competitive advantage
        2. Care labelling
        3. Dry-cleaning: the six main stages
        4. Wet-cleaning
        5. About the Author
    7. Guidance on storage and handling
    8. Research
    9. Trichloroethylene charter
    10. Q&A on trichloroethylene
      1. French
      2. German
      3. Greek
      4. Spanish
      5. Italian
      6. Swedish
      7. Dutch
    11. Dry-cleaning
    12. White paper
    13. International Committee of Textile Care (CINET)
    14. Order your ECSA publication
  7. Chlorinated Paraffins Sector Group
    1. About chlorinated paraffins
    2. Major applications
    3. Toxicity
    4. Chlorinated paraffins physico-chemical properties and ecotoxicology
    5. Environmental impact
    6. Regulatory position
    7. Waste management
      1. Types of waste and sources
      2. Classification and regulations
      3. Disposal of wastes containing chlorinated paraffins
      4. Impact of chlorinated paraffins in recovery/disposal process
      5. Waste management of liquid wastes containing chlorinated paraffins
      6. Waste management of solid wastes containing chlorinated paraffins
    8. Disposal
    9. Bibliography
  8. Library
    1. Chlorine industry reviews
      1. Chlorine industry review 2003 - 2004
      2. Introduction
      3. Chlorine industry review 2003 - 2004
      4. Chlorine industry review 2002 - 2003
      5. Sustainability
      6. Chlorine industry review 2001 - 2002
        1. Sustainability
        2. Sustainable development
        3. Product Stewardship
        4. Communications
        5. Manufacturing
        6. Providing safe water and sanitation in Guatemala
        7. Euro Chlor Federation
          1. Management Committee
      7. Performance Measures
      8. Stakeholders' Views
      9. Legislative developments
      10. Science
      11. Information & education
      12. Industry overview
      13. Euro Chlor Organisation
      14. Risk & hazard – How they differ
      15. Cartoonist with a critical eye
        1. Illustration 1
        2. Illustration 2
        3. Illustration 3
        4. Illustration 4
        5. Illustration 5
        6. Illustration 6
        7. Illustration 7
    2. Sustainability
    3. Chlorine chemistry
    4. Science
    5. Public health
    6. Key facts cards
    7. Euro Chlor recommends
      1. BelgoChlor's white book on chlorine
      2. Chlorine: principles and industrial practice
      3. Understanding Germs, Hygiene & Health
      4. Environmental health: Third World problems - First World preoccupations
      5. Drinking-water disinfection
      6. Pure and applied chemistry
    8. Order form
  9. Glossary
  10. FAQs
  11. Useful links
  12. About Euro Chlor
    1. How to find us
    2. Organisational chart
    3. Management committee
    4. Secretariat
      1. Executive Director
      2. Regulatory affairs
      3. Communications
      4. Science
      5. Safety, health and environment
      6. Products
    5. Committees and Working Groups
    6. Full members
    7. Associate members
    8. Technical correspondents
  13. Contact us
  14. Access keys